Title and Copyright Pages

About This Manual
Audience
New and Changed Features
Organization
Related Documents
Reader's Comments
Conventions

1    Operating System Overview
1.1    Alpha 64-bit Architecture
1.2    Process Management
1.3    Memory Management
1.3.1    Virtual Memory
1.3.1.1    Paging and Swapping
1.3.1.2    Writing Modified Pages
1.3.1.3    Swap Buffers
1.3.1.4    Swap Space Allocation Modes
1.3.2    Unified Buffer Cache
1.4    Interprocess Communications Facilities
1.5    I/O Subsystems
1.5.1    Disk Systems
1.5.2    Logical Disk Subsystem - Logical Storage Manager (LSM)
1.5.3    File Systems
1.5.3.1    UFS Block Clustering
1.5.4    Network Systems
1.5.4.1    Network Hardware
1.5.4.2    Network Software

2    Monitoring Your System
2.1    Monitoring Tools Overview
2.2    Determining the Problem
2.2.1    Monitoring Processes - ps Command
2.2.2    Measuring the System Load - uptime Command
2.2.3    Monitoring Virtual Memory and CPU Usage - vmstat Command
2.2.4    Displaying the Swap Space Configuration - swapon Command
2.2.5    Monitoring Disk I/O - iostat Command
2.2.6    Displaying UFS Information - dumpfs Command
2.2.7    Monitoring AdvFS - advscan, showfdmn, showfile, showfsets
2.2.7.1    The advscan Command
2.2.7.2    The showfdmn Command
2.2.7.3    The showfile Command
2.2.7.4    The showfset Command
2.2.8    Monitoring the Logical Storage Manager (LSM)
2.2.8.1    The voldg Command
2.2.8.2    The voldisk Command
2.2.8.3    The volprint Command
2.2.8.4    The volstat Command
2.2.8.5    The voltrace Command
2.2.8.6    The volwatch Command
2.2.8.7    The Analyze Menu
2.2.9    Monitoring System Parameter Settings
2.2.9.1    Using the Kernel Tuner to Monitor Settings
2.2.9.2    Using the sysconfig Command to Monitor Settings
2.2.10    Using dbx to Monitor Subsystems
2.2.10.1    Checking Virtual Memory with dbx
2.2.10.2    Checking UFS with dbx
2.2.10.3    Checking the UFS Namei Cache with dbx
2.2.10.4    Checking the UBC with dbx
2.2.10.5    Checking the Metadata Buffer Cache with dbx
2.2.10.6    Monitoring CAM Data Structures with dbx
2.2.11    Monitoring the Network - netstat Command
2.2.12    Displaying NFS Statistics - nfsstat Command

3    Tuning Subsystem Operations
3.1    Analyzing Tuning Possibilities
3.2    Optimizing CPU Utilization
3.2.1    Expanding CPU Capacity on an SMP System
3.2.2    Short-Term Adjustments to Reduce CPU Load
3.3    Methods of Tuning System Parameters
3.4    Tuning Memory
3.4.1    UBC Subsystem
3.4.1.1    Changing the Size of the UBC
3.4.1.2    Preventing UBC Cache Thrashing
3.4.1.3    Tailoring Usage of Metadata and Namei Buffer Caches
3.4.2    Virtual Memory Subsystem
3.4.2.1    Modifying Your Swap Space Configuration
3.5    Tuning Interprocess Communication
3.6    Tuning I/O
3.6.1    Disk Subsystem
3.6.1.1    Tuning the Virtual File System
3.6.1.2    Tuning the UNIX File System
3.6.1.3    Tuning the Advanced File System
3.6.1.4    Tuning CAM
3.6.2    Network Subsystems
3.6.3    Network File System

A    Tuning a Low Memory System Workstation
A.1    Attribute Settings for Low Memory System Workstations
A.2    Swap Space and Memory Tuning on Low-Memory Systems
A.3    X Window System Considerations

B    Configuration Attribute Definitions
B.1    AdvFS Subsystem Attributes
B.2    BSD_TTY Subsystem Attributes
B.3    Configuration Manager Subsystem Attributes
B.4    Data Link Interface Subsystem Attributes
B.5    Generic Kernel Subsystem Attributes
B.6    Inet Subsystem Attributes
B.7    Interprocess Communication Subsystem Attributes
B.8    I/O Subsystem Attributes
B.9    Logical Storage Manager Subsystem Attributes
B.10    Network Subsystem Attributes
B.11    Prestoserve Subsystem Attributes
B.12    Process Subsystem Attributes
B.13    Pseudoterminal Subsystem
B.14    RT Subsystem Attributes
B.15    Security Subsystem
B.16    Snmpinfo Subsystem
B.17    Socket Subsystem
B.18    STREAMS Subsystem Attributes
B.19    UFS Subsystem Attributes
B.20    VFS Subsystem Attributes
B.21    Virtual Memory Subsystem Attributes
B.22    XPR Subsystem Attributes

Figures

Tables