This manual describes the tasks you perform in order to administer the Compaq Tru64 UNIX (formerly DIGITAL UNIX) operating system running on a workstation or server.
This guide is intended for system administrators. Administrators should have knowledge of the operating system concepts and commands, and the hardware and software configuration. Experienced administrators are expected to be very familiar with UNIX commands and utilities
This revision of the manual documents the following new features, changed features, and retiring interfaces.
The Common Desktop Environment (CDE) is the preferred operating system interface and the SysMan graphical user interface, which runs under the CDE, becomes the preferred method of system administration. The SysMan Checklist is the preferred interface for system configuration and customization. See Chapter 2 for more information about the interfaces. The graphical interfaces will run under any X-compliant windowing environment. Graphical user interfaces have on-line help volumes describing how the interfaces are used.
This manual includes the following new topics:
System administration tools and methods, which describes the SysMan graphical user interface, and remote administration. See Chapter 2.
SCSI Device Dynamic Device Recognition (DDR). See Chapter 6.
The Class Scheduler, which allows you to manage processor time for classes of processes. See Chapter 4.
Enabling or disabling extended UIDs and GIDs See Chapter 9.
Bootable Tape. Since the 4.0B release, this topic has been updated with information on usage restrictions. Note that an updated version of NetWorker SingleServer Save and Restore is included with this release. See Chapter 11.
Telnet (TCP/IP) printing was added to the chapter on printing.
The
lprsetup
program has been updated to support TruCluster
software and Compaq Advanced Print Software (CAPS).
Many new printer configuration
files were added to support new printers.
See
Chapter 10.
The chapter on administering events and errors has been updated as follows:
Announcing the retirement of
uerf
in favor
of the DECEvent error logging facility, Compaq Analyze, and the
sys_check
system checking tool.
Managing log files, such as
/var/adm/syslog.dated
Environmental (thermal) monitoring
Enhanced core file naming
Crash dump management, including compressed dumps
Information on the System Exercisers has be relocated to an appendix. See Chapter 13.
There are enhancements to the power management software for reducing energy consumption. See Chapter 4.
There are improvements to performance monitors and an updated
version of Performance Manager.
The new
sys_checkutility
provides you with a way of establishing a system-wide baseline record for
many system parameters, performing performance analysis and troubleshooting,
and escalating problems to Compaq Technical Support.
See
Chapter 4.
The explanation of device mnemonics has been updated to provide
pointers to definitive sources of device lists, such as
lprsetup.dat.
See
Appendix A.
Information on administering specific hardware devices and hardware features has been updated, and now includes a new section on Logical Partitions. See Appendix E.
The following chapters were revised in the V4.0 and V4.0B releases to document new features and to correct documentation errors:
The following new and changed information can be found in detail in the reference pages and supplementary sources this information is not provided in this book in detail:
Support for the DVDFS file system has been implemented.
Refer
to new information in
fstab(4),
mount(8), and
dvdfs(4).
The
maxtimo
NFS parameter was added to the
mount(8)
reference page.
Support for the Fibre Channel interconnection is implemented and a technology overview is documented on the supplementary bookshelf of the documentation CD-ROM.
A reference pages for the Emulex driver,
emx(7)
and
emx_data.c(4)
are new for this release.
The
binlogd(8)
and
syslogd(8)
reference pages have minor changes
due to the new error log formatting tool options.
The
mtio(7)
reference page documents support for tape positioning.
The chapter on using the
setld
utility to install
and manage software has been moved from this manual to the
Installation Guide.
The information about adding third party SCSI devices has been replaced with Dynamic Device Recognition (DDR), which performs the same functions. DDR is described in Chapter 6.
The chapter on AdvFS has been removed. Refer to the reference pages and to the AdvFS Administration guide.
The Logical Volume Manager (LVM) appendix has been removed from the manual because the LVM functionality has been retired from the operating system. Most support for the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) was retired in a previous release of the operating system. Volume management functions are now provided by the Logical Storage Manager (LSM) as described in Chapter 8 and the Logical Storage Manager guide. All LVM functionality has been disabled with the exception of the support necessary to encapsulate LVM volumes under LSM.
Warning
In a future release of the operating system, remaining support for LVM encapsulation will be dropped and any data remaining under control of LVM software will be lost.
A new appendix has been created for the information on system exercisers. See Appendix F.
With the exception of minor documentation problem fixes, the information in the following chapters and appendixes have not changed since the last version of the manual:
Chapter 3, Starting Up and Shutting Down the System.
Chapter 12, Administering the System Accounting Services
Appendix B, SCSI/CAM Utility Program
Appendix C, Support of the CI and HSC Hardware
Chapter 1 has been expanded and several chapters have been renamed.
This guide consists of 13 chapters and six appendixes:
| Chapter 1 | Defines the tasks that make up the job of a Digital UNIX system administrator and points to sources of information about these tasks in this manual and other places. |
| Chapter 2 | Describes methods and tools for system administration tasks. |
| Chapter 3 | Explains how to start up and shut down the operating system. Additionally, explains how to recover from an unexpected shutdown. |
| Chapter 4 | Describes how to customize certain operating system files and diverse operating system components in order to tailor the operating system environment. |
| Chapter 5 | Describes how to dynamically and statically configure an operating system kernel. |
| Chapter 6 | Describes how to administer the SCSI Dynamic Device Recognition capabilities of the operating system. Additionally, it explains how to administer the terminals and other mass storage devices that are configured into the operating system. |
| Chapter 7 | Explains how to administer the UNIX file system (UFS). |
| Chapter 8 | Explains how to administer the Logical Storage Manager (LSM). |
| Chapter 9 | Explains how to administer accounts for operating system users and groups of users. |
| Chapter 10 | Explains how to administer the print services of the operating system. |
| Chapter 11 | Explains how to administer the archiving services of the operating system in order to backup and restore mass storage devices. |
| Chapter 12 | Explains how to administer the resource accounting services of the operating system. |
| Chapter 13 | Explains how to administer the error logging services of the operating system. |
| Appendix A | Contains information about device mnemonics. |
| Appendix B | Contains information about the SCSI/CAM Utility Program. |
| Appendix C | Contains information about the CI bus and the Hierarchical Storage Controller (HSC) configuration. |
| Appendix D | Contains information about the
uerf
event logger, a component that will be retired in a future
version of the operating system. |
| Appendix E | Contains information about platform-specific hardware devices and features that are supported in this release, such as hardware partitions on the on the Alphaserver GS140 (8400). Instructions for installing and configuring features is also provided |
| Appendix F | Contains information on testing system components using exercisers. |
The Installation Guide guide describes how to install Tru64 UNIX. The Network Administration guide describes how to set up, configure, and troubleshoot your network. The System Configuration and Tuning guide provides information on tuning the kernel. The Logical Storage Manager and AdvFS Administration guides provide information on file system configuration and maintenance
The printed version of the Tru64 UNIX documentation set is color coded to help specific audiences quickly find the books that meet their needs. (You can order the printed documentation from Compaq.) This color coding is reinforced with the use of an icon on the spines of books. The following list describes this convention:
| Audience | Icon | Color Code |
| General users | G | Blue |
| System and network administrators | S | Red |
| Programmers | P | Purple |
| Device driver writers | D | Orange |
| Reference page users | R | Green |
Some books in the documentation set help meet the needs of several audiences. For example, the information in some system books is also used by programmers. Keep this in mind when searching for information on specific topics.
The Documentation Overview provides information on all of the books in the Tru64 UNIX documentation set.
Compaq welcomes any comments and suggestions you have on this and other Tru64 UNIX manuals.
You can send your comments in the following ways:
Fax: 603-884-0120 Attn: UBPG Publications, ZKO3-3/Y32
Internet electronic mail:
readers_comment@zk3.dec.com
A Reader's Comment form is located on your system in the following location:
/usr/doc/readers_comment.txt
Mail:
Compaq Computer Corporation
UBPG Publications Manager
ZKO3-3/Y32
110 Spit Brook Road
Nashua, NH 03062-9987
A Reader's Comment form is located in the back of each printed manual. The form is postage paid if you mail it in the United States.
Please include the following information along with your comments:
The full title of the book and the order number. (The order number is printed on the title page of this book and on its back cover.)
The section numbers and page numbers of the information on which you are commenting.
The version of Tru64 UNIX that you are using.
If known, the type of processor that is running the Tru64 UNIX software.
The Tru64 UNIX Publications group cannot respond to system problems or technical support inquiries. Please address technical questions to your local system vendor or to the appropriate Compaq technical support office. Information provided with the software media explains how to send problem reports to Compaq.
This guide uses the following conventions:
%$A percent sign represents the C shell system prompt. A dollar sign represents the system prompt for the Bourne, Korn, and POSIX shells.
#A number sign represents the superuser prompt.
Italic (slanted) type indicates variable values, placeholders, and function argument names.
In syntax definitions, brackets indicate items that are optional and braces indicate items that are required. Vertical bars separating items inside brackets or braces indicate that you choose one item from among those listed.
coloredtext
In syntax definitions, literal elements are colored green. Variable values, placeholders, and function argument names are colored red. No special colored text is used outside of syntax descriptions.
In syntax definitions, a horizontal ellipsis indicates that the preceding item can be repeated one or more times.
A vertical ellipsis indicates that a portion of an example that would normally be present is not shown.
cat(1)A cross-reference to a reference page includes the appropriate section
number in parentheses.
For example,
cat(1)
indicates that you can find information on the
cat
command in Section 1 of the reference pages.
This symbol indicates that you hold down the first named key while pressing the key or mouse button that follows the slash. In examples, this key combination is enclosed in a box (for example, [Ctrl/C] ).
In an example, a key name enclosed in a box indicates that you press that key.