4 Patch Installation and Removal Instructions

This chapter provides instructions for installing and removing patches from the Tru64 UNIX operating system and the TruCluster Software Products (TCR).

4.1 Summary of Steps for Using Patch Kits

The following list summarizes the steps necessary to install patches on your system. The referenced sections provide the full details. Compaq recommends that you familiarize yourself with these steps before attempting to install Tru64 UNIX or TCR patch kits.

Prepare your system for patch installation (Section 4.2).

Make the patch distribution available to your system (Section 4.3).

Load any new patch tools provided with the new patch distribution (Section 4.4).

Set the patch baseline if system files have been changed manually Section 4.6).

Perform patch preinstallation check (Section 4.5).

Install patches mode (Section 4.7).

Rebuild the kernel and reboot the system (Section 4.8).

4.2 Preparing to Install Patches

Before using the latest Tru64 UNIX or TCR patch distribution, make sure that your system meets the required criteria and that you perform certain preinstallation tasks, as described in the following list:

Make sure you have the correct software
You must have the appropriate versions of Tru64 UNIX and TCR installed on your system to install patch kits. There are separate patch kits for each version of the Tru64 UNIX and TCR products. The patch kits will not install on any other version of those products. For example, the DIGITAL UNIX 4.0D patch kit will only install on DIGITAL UNIX Version 4.0D.

Back up your system
It is recommended that you backup your /, /usr, and /var file systems prior to installing patches or baselining your system.

Make sure you have enough storage space
Refer to the Patch Summary and Release Notes for the required storage space.

4.3 Making the Patch Distribution Available

Tru64 UNIX and TCR patches are available from the Compaq Services Web page or the Tru64 UNIX Patch CD-ROM. Once you have obtained the patch distributions use the following instructions to make the patch kits available to the system targeted for update:

Ensure the installation prerequisites described in Section 4.2 are met.

If you are using patch tar files obtained via the Internet from the Compaq Services Web page, you must expand the tar file to access the patch kits.
The tar file can be expanded on any NFS mountable file system. It is recommended that the file system not exist in /usr or /var of the system that will be patched. For example:
# /usr/sbin/mount /dev/rz3g /PatchKits
# cd /PatchKits
# mkdir kit8
Copy or ftp the patch kit to /PatchKits/kit8. For example:
# cp DUV40BAS00008-19980821.tar /PatchKits/kit8
# script untar.log
# tar -xpvf DUV40BAS00008-19980821.tar
# ^D
View the untar.log for errors or failures untarring the file.
Once the tar file has been expanded, make the file system containing the patch kits available to the system being patched. For example, on the system you are patching do the following:
# /usr/sbin/mount /PatchKits/kit8@hostname /mnt

If you are using the Tru64 UNIX Patch CD-ROM you need only mount the CD-ROM, as the information on the CD-ROM is already expanded. For example:
# usr/sbin/mount -r /dev/rz4a /mnt

4.4 Loading New Patch Tools

The patch kits deliver updated patch tools to your system. It is important that you run the dupatch utility located in the /patch_kit directory every time you obtain new patch tar files or a new Tru64 UNIX Patch CD-ROM.

After you have made the patch kits available to the system being patched, run dupatch as follows:

#/mnt/patch_kit/dupatch

If new patch tools are available they will be loaded and the dupatch utility will be started and you will see messages similar to the following when new patch tools are loaded:

* A new version of patch tools required for patch management
          is now being installed on your system.
 
        * Tools updated, invoking the updated Patch Utility...
 
     DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
     ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
         Main Menu:
         ---------
 
         1)  Patch Installation
         2)  Patch Deletion
 
         3)  Patch Documentation
         4)  Patch Tracking
 
         5)  Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment
 
         h)  Help on Command Line Interface
 
         q)  Quit
 
     Enter your choice:

The dupatch utility saves information on the tools that have been loaded to the log file /var/adm/patch/log/Dupatch_load_date.log.

4.5 Performing Patch Preinstallation Check Instructions

The following steps provide the instructions for performing the preinstallation check. To minimize system down time, you can perform the preinstallation check on a system running in multiuser mode, even if you will perform the actual installation in single-user mode.

Note that the menu you see differs slightly, depending upon whether you log in from a psuedo-terminal or a system console. The following steps assume you logged in from a psuedo-terminal.

Log in as root.

From the main dupatch menu, enter 1 at the "Enter your choice" prompt:

Tru64 UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
==========================
	- This dupatch session is logged in //var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
    Main Menu:
    ---------
 
    1)  Patch Installation
    2)  Patch Deletion
 
    3)  Patch Documentation
    4)  Patch Tracking
 
    5)  Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment
 
    h)  Help on Command Line Interface
 
    q)  Quit
 
Enter your choice: 1

The program responds with the Patch Installation Menu. Enter 1 at the "Enter your choice" prompt:

 DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
         ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
             Patch Installation Menu:
             ------------------------
 
             1)  Pre-Installation Check ONLY
             2)  Check & Install in single-user mode w/ network services
             3)  Check and Install in Multi-User mode
 
 
             b) Back to Main Menu
             q) Quit
 
         Enter your choice: 1

When prompted, enter the location of the patch distribution. For example:

Enter path to the top of the patch distribution,
or enter "q" to get back to the menu : /mnt/patch_kit

The program lists the patch kits provided in the patch distribution that apply to your system. Compaq recommends that you install all of these kits. For example:

The products listed below are optional:
 
There may be more optional products than can be presented
on a single  screen. If this is the case, you can choose 
products screen by screen or all at once on the last screen. 
All of the choices you make will be collected for your 
confirmation before any products are installed.

1) Patches for Digital UNIX V4.0D
2) Patches for TruCluster Available Server Software_V1.5
 
Or you may choose one of the following options:
 
3) ALL of the above
4) CANCEL selections and redisplay menus
5) EXIT without installing any products
 
Enter your choices or press RETURN to redisplay menus.
 
Choices (for example, 1 2 4-6): 3
 
You are installing patches (to be selected) from the following products:
 
Patches for Digital UNIX V4.0D
Patches for TruCluster Available Server Software_V1.5
 
Is this correct? (y/n): y

You have the option to make the patches reversible so you can revert the system to its state prior to the installation of a patch. Press Return or type y to the following question to make the patches reversible. For example:
```
         Do you want the patches to be reversible? [y]: [Return]
```
By default, the backup copies of the installed patches will be saved in /var/adm/patch/backup. If you have limited space in /var, you may want to make the backup directory the mount point for a separate disk partition, an NFS mounted directory, or a symbolic link to another file system.

Answer yes when asked if you want to perform the preinstallation check with this setup:

Do you want to proceed with the preinstallation check with this setup? [y]: [Return]

You are asked to select the patches for which the preinstallation check will be performed. It is recommended that you select all.

The program displays the list of the patches you selected and asks you to verify the selection. If you answer no, you are given the opportunity to make a new selection.

The program lists any patches that fail the prerequisite and applicability checks, and asks how you want to proceed. You are presented with the following choices:
```
Select the action you'd like to take:
 
1)  proceed with the patches that passed the check
2)  select patches again
3)  go back to the previous menu
 
```
If the patches are prevented from being installed because of missing or unknown system files, set the system patch baseline, as described in Section 4.6. If patches are prevented from being installed because dependent patches were not selected, choose the "select patches again" item and add the required patches that are missing.
Otherwise, proceed to the installation phase, as described in Section 4.7.

4.6 Setting the System Patch Baseline

If your system was customized as a result of the manual installation of any system files, you will need to set the patch baseline for your system. If you do not need to set the patch baseline for your system, proceed to Section 4.7.

Note

You will need to be familiar with the concepts of baselining in Section 2.5 before preforming the steps in this section.

You can set the patch baseline in multiuser mode, thereby minimizing system down time.

The following steps show you how to set a patch baseline.

Log in as root.

Run dupatch and enter 5 in response to "Enter your choice" prompt of the Main Menu:

DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
         ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
             Main Menu:
             ---------
 
             1)  Patch Installation
             2)  Patch Deletion
 
             3)  Patch Documentation
             4)  Patch Tracking
 
             5)  Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment
 
             h)  Help on Command Line Interface
 
             q)  Quit
 
         Enter your choice: 5

A summary of the patch baselining phases will be displayed on the screen.

Answer y or n when asked if you want to proceed with setting the patch baseline (you must provide an answer; there is no default answer):
```
Do you want to proceed with the analysis and adjustment? [y/n]: y
 
```
If you answer yes, dupatch asks you to enter the location of the patch distribution as follows:
```
Enter path to the top of the patch distribution,
or enter "q" to get back to the menu :  /mnt/patch_kit
```

The summary of the patch baselining phases provides the following information:

Baselining Phase 1 evaluates your system relative to the patch kit.

Baselining Phase 2 reports information for patches whose installation is blocked by system files that were installed by layered products. You cannot enable dupatch to install patches that replace system files installed by layered products. You must contact your layered product customer services or Compaq Services if you have purchased Business Critical Services.

Baselining Phase 3 reports on patches that match existing files on your system, but are not marked as installed by the system inventory. You can tell dupatch to mark these patches as installed. This involves copying valid setld database information to your system. If exact matches are found you will be asked the following question:
```
Do you want to mark these patches as installed ? [y/n]
```
You must provide an answer; there is no default answer.

Baselining Phase 4 reports information about any unknown or missing system files. This information is provided to assist you in understanding the state of files that may prevent patch installation.
Consider this information carefully when making decisions to override patch-installation checks for patches noted in Phase 5.

Phase 5 reports patches that do not pass installation applicability tests due to the current state of your system. The installation of these patches is prevented by missing or unknown system files.
The dupatch utility reports the known information about the files contained in each patch and asks if you want to enable the installation:
```
Do you want to enable the installation of any of these patches? [y/n]:
```
You must provide an answer; there is no default answer.
Answer n, until you know the origin of the files that are preventing the patch installation. The changed system files that are preventing the official patch installation may be part of a manually installed customer-specific patch or an intentionally customized utility or file.
If, for example, the file that is preventing the installation of an official patch is one of many files that are part of a customer-specific patch, you must determine how to proceed. For more information, see Section 2.5.4.1 and Section 2.5.5.
If you answer y to this question, you can selectively enable dupatch to install patches that are prevented from being installed by missing or unknown files.
The dupatch utility will present the list of patches so you can optionally enable installation. It then asks you how to proceed.
If you select patches for installation, dupatch asks you to confirm your selections and then enables installation of the selected patches. Perform the patch installation as described in Section 4.7.

Caution

Do not enable dupatch to install patches over missing or unknown system files for which you do not know the origin. To do so might cause your operating system or TCR software environments to be in an inconsistent or nonoperational state.

4.7 Installing and Enabling Patches

Patch installation is performed through dupatch. The -l of the setld command is disabled for patch subsets.

Before beginning the installation, make sure that you have completed all of the preliminary steps:

Make sure you have met the installation prerequisites described in Section 4.2.

Make sure you made the patch distribution available to your system, as described in Section 4.3.

Make sure you loaded any new patch tools, as described in Section 4.4.

Make sure that you performed the patch preinstallation check, as described in Section 4.5.

If needed, make sure that system patch baseline has been set, as described in Section 4.6.

The following sections provide step-by-step instructions for installing and enabling patches.

4.7.1 Choosing Single-User or Multiuser Mode

You can install patches from either single-user or multiuser modes. See Section 3.2 for information about selecting one of these modes. Section 4.7.1.1 describes the process from single-user mode and Section 4.7.1.2 describes the process from multiuser mode. Section 4.7.2 describes the remaining steps, which are common to installations from single-user and multiuser modes.

4.7.1.1 Installing Patches from Single-User Mode

The follow steps describe the steps you take and the type of output you will see when you install patches from single-user mode.

Shut down the system to single-user mode. For example:
#/usr/sbin/shutdown -h +5 "Applying 4.0D and TCR Patches"

Reboot to single-user mode from the console prompt, using a command like the following:
>>>boot -fl s

If you are using the Logical Storage Manager, enter the lsmbstartup command:
# /sbin/lsmbstartup

After the system shuts down and reboots to single-user mode, mount the file system that contains the /usr and /var directories. Use the bcheckrc command to check and mount all the UFS and AdvFS file systems, then issue the update command and activate your swap partition with swapon:
# /sbin/bcheckrc
# /sbin/update
# /sbin/swapon -a

If you need access to the network, enter the rcinet command to enable the network:
# /usr/sbin/rcinet
Informational messages will appear on the screen.

Run the dupatch utility. (This step assumes that the patch kit is available to your system, as described in Section 4.3, and that the new patch tools have been loaded, as described in Section 4.4). Enter 1 at the "Enter your choice" prompt to the invoke the patch installation session:

# dupatch

     DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
     ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
         Main Menu:
         ---------
 
         1)  Patch Installation
         2)  Patch Deletion
 
         3)  Patch Documentation
         4)  Patch Tracking
 
         5)  Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment
 
         h)  Help on Command Line Interface
 
         q)  Quit
 
     Enter your choice: 1

When the patch installation menu is displayed. Enter 2, at the "Enter your choice" prompt:

     DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
     ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
         Patch Installation Menu:
         -----------------------
 
         1)  Pre-Installation Check ONLY
         2)  Check & Install patches in Single-User Mode
 
         b)  Back to Main Menu
         q)  Quit
 
         Enter your choice: 2

4.7.1.2 Installing patches in Multiuser Mode

The follow steps describe the steps you take and the type of output you will see when you install patches from multiuser mode.

Run the dupatch utility. (This step assumes that the patch kit is available to your system, as described in Section 4.3, and that the new patch tools have been loaded, as described in Section 4.4). Enter 1 at the "Enter your choice" prompt to the invoke the patch installation session:

# dupatch

     DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
     ==========================
             - This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
         Main Menu:
         ---------
 
         1)  Patch Installation
         2)  Patch Deletion
 
         3)  Patch Documentation
         4)  Patch Tracking
 
         5)  Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment
 
         h)  Help on Command Line Interface
 
         q)  Quit
 
     Enter your choice: 1

When the patch installation menu is displayed. Enter 3, at the "Enter your choice" prompt:

     Tru64 UNIX Patch Utility (Rev. 26-03)
 ==========================
	 - This dupatch session is logged in //var/adm/patch/log/session.log
 
     Patch Installation Menu:
     -----------------------
 
    1)  Pre-Installation Check ONLY
    2)  Check & Install in single-user mode w/ network services
    3)  Check and Install in Multi-User mode
 
    b)  Back to Main Menu
    q)  Quit
 
Enter your choice: 3
 
		                    *** Installation Warning ***
 
You have chosen to install patches onto this system while it is running in
Multi-User mode. Some patches may directly affect core operating system
operations. To insure the proper operation  of all applications, it is strongly
suggested that you install these patches while the system is in
Single-User mode. If this cannot be done, install these patches when the system
is as lightly loaded as possible (i.e. not running production environments, no users
logged on, etc.).
 
Do you wish to continue? (y/n) [y]:

4.7.2 Common Installation Steps

The following steps provide instructions for continuing the installation of Tru64 UNIX and TCR patches after you have selected either single-user or multiuser mode.

You have the option to make patches reversible so you can return the system to its state prior to the installation of a patch. Enter y or press Return to make the patches reversible. For example:
```
Do you want the patches to be reversible? [y]:
```
By default, backup copies of the installed patches are saved in /var/adm/patch/backup. If you have limited space in /var, you may want to make the backup directory the mount point for a separate disk partition, an NFS mounted directory, or a symbolic link to another file system.
If you answer no to this question, the existing system files will not be saved and the installed patches will not be reversible. Compaq recommends that you install patches so they are reversible.

The program describes your backup setup and asks you if you want to proceed:
```
Do you want to proceed with the installation with this setup? [y]:
```

You are asked to record your name as the person installing the patches and to add any comments you would like stored for future reference. For example:
```
Your name: Mary Smith
```
Enter any notes about this operation that you would like stored for future reference. To end your input, enter a period (.) and press Return.
```
: Removing patches 6.00, 12.00, and 22.00 until the
: firmware can be updated to the proper revision.
         : . [Return]
```

The program lists the patches available for installation on your system. This list may be different from system to system because dupatch does not display available patches that are already installed on your system. You can selectively choose patches for installation, install all patches, cancel selections and redisplay menus, or exit without installing any patches. For example:
```
Enter your choices or press RETURN to display the next screen.
 
Choices (for example, 1 2 4-6) :
     .
     .
     .
     130) Patch 0381.00 - Motif Toolkit Correction
     131) Patch 0384.00 - Various X11 Server Corrections
 
Or you may choose one of the following options:
 
     134) ALL of the above
     133) CANCEL selections and redisplay menus
     134) EXIT without installing any patches
 
```
Selecting CANCEL cancels your patch selections and returns to the patch list and selection menus so you can reselect patches for installation.
Selecting EXIT returns you to the dupatch installation menu.

The preinstallation check is performed to verify that the patches will install. If the preinstallation check is successful dupatch proceeds with the installation. If the preinstallation check fails, dupatch lists the specific patches that fail and asks how you want to proceed:
```
Select the action you'd like to take:
 
1)  proceed with the patches that passed the check
2)  select patches again 
3)  go back to the previous menu
```
If you choose to proceed with patches that passed the preinstallation check, dupatch will start installing those patches and provide informational messages on the screen. The whole dupatch session is logged to ensure you can view any messages that may scroll off the screen.
If patch installation is blocked due to missing or unknown system files, refer to Section 4.6.

Review the dupatch session log, /var/adm/patch/log/session.log, to ensure that the installation was successful. Note any special patch instructions, informational messages, and error messages.

Assuming patch installation was successful, rebuild the kernel (vmunix), save the existing kernel, move the new kernel into place, and reboot the system. For more information, see the Tru64 UNIX System Administration manual.
In general the following steps are necessary:
1. Configure a new vmunix. For example:
  # doconfig -c HOSTNAME
2. Save the existing vmunix. For example:
  # cp /vmunix /usr/vmunix.prekit11-<yyyymmdd>
3. Install the newly built kernel (vmunix). For example:
  # mv /usr/sys/HOSTNAME/vmunix /vmunix
4. Reboot the system. For example:
  # /usr/sbin/shutdown -r +5 "Reboot a with newly installed patches"

4.8 Rebuilding the Kernel

The dupatch utility determines whether the installation or deletion of patches requires that the kernel be rebuilt and the system rebooted. This action is then performed automatically or manually, depending upon the method you used to install the patches:

When using the command line, the kernel is built automatically with the doconfig utility, using the -a option. It also uses the -c option of the -cfgfilecommand line option if it was used.

When using the menu-based interface, the kernel build occurs as if doconfig was entered from the command line. The dupatch utility asks if your system has a custom configuration file and if you want to change it.

4.8.1 Installing and Deleting Patches in Single-User Mode

When performing a patch installation or deletion in single-user mode from the command line, the system automatically reboots after the command line operation is completed.

When performing a patch installation or deletion in single-user mode using the menu-based interface, dupatch asks if you want to reboot the system after the patch installation or deletion is completed:

If you answer yes, the system reboots immediately.

If you answer no, dupatch returns to the appropriate menu -- either installation or deletion, depending on the operation.

4.8.2 Installing and Deleting Patches in Multiuser Mode

When installing patches in multiuser mode from the command line, you are given a message informing you that a reboot is necessary to complete the patch installation. However, the system does not reboot itself.

When installing patches in multiuser mode using the menu-based interface, dupatch gives you three options if a reboot is necessary:

Reboot now

Schedule a reboot for a later time

Do nothing

4.9 Removing Patches

To remove patches from your system you use the Patch Deletion option of the dupatch Main Menu. The system must be in single-user mode to remove patches. Note that the -d option to the setld command is disabled for patch subsets.

The following steps show how to remove patches:

Caution

The Patch Deletion menu lists every setld-based patch on your system, regardless of which patch kit installed them. Therefore, if you select the "ALL of the above" menu item, it will remove all setld-based patches from your system.
For example, if you chose the "ALL of the above" menu item when installing Patch Kit-0003 and then decided to remove those patches, you would have to specify the patch ID of all Patch Kit-0003 patches in the Delete Patch menu. If, instead, you select the "ALL of the above" menu item, then all setld-based patches that were installed on your system would be deleted, not just those from Patch Kit-0003.

Shut down the system to single-user mode. For example:
# /usr/sbin/shutdown -h +5 "Removing Patches"

After the system shuts down to single-user mode, mount the file system that contains the /usr and /var directories. Use the bcheckrc command to check and mount all the UFS and AdvFS file systems. Then issue the update command and activate your swap partition with swapon:
# /sbin/bcheckrc# /sbin/update # /sbin/swapon -a
If you are using the Logical Storage Manager, run lsmbstartup:
# /sbin/lsmbstartup

If you need access to the network, use the following command to start the network:
# /usr/sbin/rcinet start
Informational messages will appear on the screen.

Run dupatch, select 2 for patch removal:

# dupatch


 
DIGITAL UNIX Patch Utility
==========================
(This dupatch session is logged in /var/adm/patch/log/session.log) 
 
Main Menu:
----------
 
1) Patch Installation 
2) Patch Deletion
 
3) Patch Documentation 4) Patch Tracking 
 
5) Patch Baseline Analysis/Adjustment 
 
h) Help on Command Line Interface
 
q) Quit  
 
Enter your choice: 2

You are asked to record your name as the person removing the patches and to add any comments you would like stored for future reference. For example:
```
Your name: Mary Smith
```
Enter any notes about this operation that you would like stored for future reference. To end your input, enter a period (.) and press Return.
```
: Removing patches 6.00, 12.00, and 22.00 until the
: firmware can be updated to the proper revision.
         : . [Return]
```

Select and verify the patches to remove through the patch selection menus. Once the patch selection is done, dupatch removes the selected patches and provides informational messages on the screen. The dupatch session is logged to /var/adm/patch/log/session.log.

Note

When removing patches after incremental installations, you may see Special Instructions from previously installed patches that have since been superseded. You should ignore these instructions, and instead, follow any Special Instructions relating to the most current patch.

Review the session log to ensure the removal was successful. Note any special patch instructions, informational messages, and error messages.

If there are no error messages, follow the instructions for disabling the patches that are listed in the session log. Depending on the deleted patches, you may need to rebuild the kernel or reboot the system.