 |
Index for
Section 8 |
|
 |
Alphabetical
listing for W |
|
 |
Bottom of
page |
|
wwpsof(8)
NAME
wwpsof - Generic I18N (internationalized) print filter for PostScript
printers
SYNOPSIS
/usr/lbin/wwpsof [-c] [-D data] [-h host-name] [+I input-tray] [-i indent]
[-K sides] [-l page-length] [-N number-up] [-n login-name] [-O option-list]
[+o output-bin] [-S paper-size] [-v] [-w page-width] [+C pcf-file]...
[accounting-file]
OPTIONS
Most of the options supported by wwpsof should be specified by the user on
the lpr command line rather than on the wwpsof command line that you enter
as the if or of value in the /etc/printcap file. When the wwpsof command is
specified in the /etc/printcap file, you can include options either to
establish defaults (which a user can override) or to hard code a particular
setting (which the user cannot override). To establish a default setting,
precede an option with a plus sign (+). To establish a setting that the
user cannot override, precede an option with a hyphen (-). Options shown
with a hyphen (-) in this section and the SYNOPSIS are typically not
included on a wwpsof command line, and are left to user discretion.
Some print characteristics, such as vertical printing, can be specified to
the filter by using one of several options. In these cases, the options
that correspond to those on the lpr command line are preferred. The
alternative options are supported for backward compatibility between the
wwpsof command line and the command lines of older print filters.
Support for the listed options can vary from printer to printer and the
code required to communicate these options can vary as well. Therefore,
several wwpsof options will work only if enabled by code entries in the
printer customization file specified by the +C option. See the Printer
Customization File section for detailed information.
-c Prints control characters.
-D data
Tells the print filter how to interpret the text. Valid values are:
post Interpret as PostScript
ascii Interpret as plain ASCII text
This option is supported for backward compatibility. The recommended
alternative is -O format=input-format
-h host-name
Specifies the name of the job owner's host system. This name can
contain non-ASCII characters.
+I input-tray
Selects the default paper input tray of the printer. Valid values are
printer specific and should be specified in the printer customization
file (PCF). This option corresponds to -I on the lpr command line.
-i indent
Specifies the amount of indentation in columns. The default value is 0
(no indentation). This option corresponds to -i on the lpr command
line.
-K side
Specifies one- or two-sided printing. Valid values are 1 or 2. You can
use this option only if the printer supports it and there is
appropriate encoding in the printer's PCF. This option corresponds to
-K on the lpr command line.
-l page-length
Specifies page length as the number of lines. The default value is 66.
-N number-up
Specifies the number of pages to be printed per side on a sheet of
paper. This option requires support in the PCF and corresponds to -N
on the lpr command line.
-n login-name
Specifies the login name of the print job's owner. This name can
contain non-ASCII characters.
-O option-list
Specifies options related to page orientation and printing of a file.
The option-list value can include one option or multiple options that
are separated by commas (no embedded spaces).
The wwpsof filter supports the following options for option-list:
copies=number
Prints the specified number of copies.
format=input-format
Specifies the data format of the input file. Valid values are text
or ascii (for a text input file) or post (for a PostScript input
file).
landscape or land
Prints so that the printed output is parallel to the long side of
the page.
locale=locale-name
Specifies the locale setting in which the filter processes the
input file.
portrait or port
Prints so that the printed output is parallel to the short side of
the page.
range=m:n
Specifies the range of pages to be printed, starting with page
number m and ending with page number n. This option requires
support in the PCF if the input file is in PostScript format.
vprint
Specifies vertical writing mode for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
multibyte characters. When this option is included, multibyte
characters are printed vertically in a rotated orientation;
however, any single-byte characters in the text are still printed
horizontally.
This option corresponds to the -O "vprint" option on an lpr command
line.
This option corresponds to the -O option on an lpr command line.
+o output-bin
Specifies the default output bin on the printer. Valid values are
printer specific and must be specified in the printer's PCF. This
option corresponds to the -o option on an lpr command line.
-S paper-size
Specifies the paper-size. Valid values are: Letter (the default),
Executive, Legal, Tabloid, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, B0, B1, B2, B3,
B4, B5, and B6.
-v Performs the same function as -O vprint.
-w page-width
Specifies the width of the page in columns. The default values are 80
(for portrait orientation) and 132 (for landscape orientation).
+C pcf-file
Specifies the printer customization file (PCF) to be used. See the
Printer Customization File section for more information.
OPERANDS
accounting-file
Specifies the file that logs accounting information for print jobs.
DESCRIPTION
The wwpsof filter is a generic text-to-PostScript converter that converts
the various single-byte and multibyte characters used in an international
environment to printable PostScript input. The filter embeds all required
PostScript font data within the PostScript program. Therefore, print jobs
that include local language characters can be printed on printers where
local language fonts are not resident. To use this filter with a printer,
the printer has to support PostScript Level 2 (or higher) or PostScript
Level 1 with the composite font extension.
The wwpsof filter uses PostScript outline fonts, if available. Otherwise,
the filter attempts to use one of two types of bitmap fonts. The filter
uses high-resolution, rasterized, TrueType fonts or, if not available, it
uses low-resolution bitmap fonts. Bitmap fonts are available to the filter
only if it has access to a running X font server. See the Printer
Customization File section for specifying the location of an X font server
to the filter.
The wwpsof filter handles device-specific printer options provided that an
appropriate printer configuration file (PCF) is supplied. The filter also
performs accounting functions. At the completion of each print job,
accounting records are written to the file specified by the af field of the
entry for the printer in /etc/printcap.
The filter can handle plain text files, files preprocessed by nroff, and
PostScript files generated by CDE applications. All of these files can
contain non-ASCII characters.
The wwpsof filter is sensitive to the locale setting. When processing a
character, the filter determines if the character is printable in the
current locale. The filter also uses the codeset part of the locale setting
to find an appropriate font (whether outline, TrueType bitmap, or low-
resolution bitmap). Except for files in UTF-16 or UCS-4 (UTF-32) format,
users must set the locale appropriately before printing files that contain
characters in languages other than English. If the locale setting for the
process is not appropriate for the input file, the locale can be set
specifically for the print job through the -O locale=locale-name option.
The filter recognizes files in UTF-16 and UCS-4 (UTF-32) data formats by
the presence of Byte Order Marks (BOMs) in the file. (It can recognize
UTF-16LE and UTF-16BE without the BOM.) See Unicode(5) for more information
on data formats.
These files are printed by using the appropriate font or, if necessary,
combination of fonts.
You can specify wwpsof for both the of and if fields of an /etc/printcap
file entry. If the user's login name and host system name contain non-ASCII
characters, you must specify wwpsof in the of field. Otherwise, you can
omit the value for of. See printcap(4) for more information about defining
/etc/printcap entries.
Printer Customization File
The printer customization file (PCF) provides printer-specific and wwpsof-
specific information for controlling the operation of a printer. The
wwpsof filter uses /usr/i18n/share/options/wwpsof.pcf as the PCF file. This
file has a generic set of font-handling tags that will work with all
supported PostScript printers but does not contain any device-specific
settings. For example, the PCF file contains XLFD font specifications for
Japanese and Chinese scalable, bitmap fonts.
The operating system also provides a set of PCF files customized for
specific printers in the /usr/lbin/pcf directory. These files have device-
specific settings but no font-handling information. The printer-specific
PCFs are supported by the pcfof filter, and the following ones, which apply
to PostScript printers, can also be used with the wwpsof filter.
ln17ps.pcf
ln17ps_a4.pcf
hplj4000tn.pcf
hplj4000tn_a4.pcf
hplj4mplus.pcf
hplj4mplus_a4.pcf
hplj5simx.pcf
hplj5simx_a4.pcf
ln15.pcf
ln15_a4.pcf
ln20.pcf
ln20_a4.pcf
ln40.pcf
ln40_a4.pcf
lnc02.pcf
lnc02_a4.pcf
If one of these PCFs has settings appropriate for your printer and you
simply want to apply these printer-specific values in addition to the
font-handling definitions in the wwpsof.pcf file, you can use the +C option
to specify the printer-specific PCF and do not need to specify wwpsof.pcf
at all. The wwpsof filter always applies the settings in wwpsof.pcf unless
they are redefined in a PCF specified on the command line.
You can also create a customized PCF. The main reasons for creating your
own PCF are to:
· Change the font server location
The default PCF specifies the local system as the font server. You
might want to specify another system for importation of TrueType or
other bitmap fonts.
· Add information about printer-resident fonts
The default PCF does not include tags for these fonts because they are
printer specific. This information also does not reside in the
printer-specific PCFs because the fonts available on a particular
printer may be site-specific. When it is possible to use printer-
resident fonts for characters, the PostScript file produced by wwpsof
can be substantially smaller than when font glyphs must be embedded in
the file. So, it is worthwhile to create a PCF that allows printer-
resident PostScript fonts to be used when these are available.
· Add or override settings for printer-specific capabilities
None of these settings are included in the default PCF and you may not
find a printer-specific PCF that meets all requirements for your
printer.
The remainder of the information in this section explains the contents of a
PCF file so you can create or adapt one to meet your printer and system
requirements.
Note
If you do create a customized version of an existing PCF, make sure
your version has a file name different from any system-supplied PCF
name. Otherwise, an update installation procedure will not recognize
your PCF as being user supplied and will replace it with an unmodified
version of the file you customized.
If you want to add only one or two entries to a printer-specific PCF
that already exists, the recommended practice is to specify only the
additional entries in your customized PCF. Then you specify the
existing PCF, followed by your supplemental PCF, on the wwpsof command
line. When multiple PCFs are specified on the command line, entries
supplied by all of the PCFs apply. One PCF overrides another only when
there are multiple occurrences of the same kind of entry. In this
case, the entry defined in the file you specify last in the command
line is the one that wwpsof uses.
Each entry in the PCF adheres to the following format:
tag: value
In this format, tag specifies the capability to be customized and value is
the setting or code for this capability.
A tag can be one or more keywords or a mix of keywords and user-supplied
values. There are two types of tags: those that correspond to printer-
specific capabilities and those that are wwpsof-specific. The value for a
tag that is printer specific is frequently the code sequence that needs to
be sent to the printer to enable or exercise a printer capability. The
value for a tag that is wwpsof specific controls font handling or codeset
conversion. All tags are named and described following the list of PCF
format rules.
Format rules for PCF entries include the following:
· To continue a PCF entry to the next line, use the backslash character
(\) at the end of the line to be continued.
· To include the backslash character in a value, enter two backslashes
(\\).
· To begin a comment, use an exclamation mark (!).
· To specify a character by its octal value, use a backslash (\)
followed by three octal digits. For example, \033 represents the
escape character.
· A field that begins with a slash (/) is interpreted as a file
specification.
Printer-specific tags supported by wwpsof include the following ones. These
tags are a subset of the tags supported by the pcfof filter.
reset
The reset sequence that is sent to the printer
reset delay
The number of seconds to wait after sending out a reset sequence
init seq
The initialization sequence that is sent to the printer at the
beginning of a print job
init delay
The number of seconds to wait after sending out an initialization
sequence
term seq
The termination sequence that is sent to the printer at the end of a
print job
term delay
The number of seconds to wait after sending out a termination sequence
ps enable
Code that enables the PostScript interpreter.
ps enable delay
The number of seconds to wait after sending the code to enable the
PostScript interpreter
ps disable
Code that disables the PostScript interpreter
ps disable delay
The number of seconds to wait after sending the code to disable the
PostScript interpreter
ps prolog
PostScript prolog included in every print job
ps portrait
Code that enables portrait page orientation
This tag is optional; that is, the tag can be omitted and the -O
portrait option will still work as long as the printer supports varying
page orientation.
ps landscape
Code that enables landscape page orientation. This tag is optional;
that is, the tag can be omitted and the -O landscape option will still
work as long as the printer supports varying page orientation.
ps input tray prolog
Prolog code for input tray selection
ps input tray input-tray
Code for selecting the specified input tray
ps output tray prolog
Prolog code for output bin selection
ps input tray out-bin
Code for selecting the specified output bin
ps simplex
Code for printing on only one side of a sheet of paper
ps duplex
Code for printing on both sides of a sheet of paper
ps number up
Code for printing multiple pages per sheet of paper. This code is
required for the -N number-up option to work. The number-up value is
related to the number of an operand stack.
ps copies
Code for printing multiple copies of a print job
This tag is optional; that is, the -O copies=number option does not
require it.
ps from to
Code for printing a specified range of pages. (The m and n page numbers
of the -O range=m:n option correspond to positions on an operand
stack.)
This tag is required only for PostScript input files; that is, the -O
range=m:n option does not require it for text input files.
ps version
The supported PostScript version
Font-handling tags include the following:
x resolution
Printer resolution in the x direction
y resolution
Printer resolution in the y direction
font server
Location of the font server. The default value is localhost:7100. This
value means that the font server is the local system and has been set
up to listen for client connections at port 7100. For basic information
about setting up a font server, refer to X Window System Environment.
For information about using the /sbin/init.d/xfs script to create a
configuration file for autostarting the font server, see the xfs(1X)
reference page. The /sbin/init.d/xfs script is provided to help set up
the font server so that it can be used with wwpsof. Keep in mind that
bitmap fonts, both high-resolution, TrueType, fonts and low-resolution
fonts require a running X font server.
ps resident font type codeset
The printer-resident font to be used for a particular font type and
codeset. See the discussion of font specification tags that immediately
follows this list.
ps soft outline font type codeset
The soft outline font to be used for a particular font type and
codeset. See the discussion of font specification tags that immediately
follows this list.
ps soft bitmap font type codeset
The soft bitmap font to be used for a particular font type and codeset.
See the discussion of font specification tags that immediately follows
this list.
unicode conversion preference
The codeset look-up sequence that the filter follows for Unicode
character conversion. This value is a comma-separated list of codeset
names. If a Unicode character can be converted to a character in the
first codeset listed, the font supporting that codeset is used for the
character in the PostScript file. If the character cannot be converted
to that codeset, the filter tries conversion by using the next codeset
in the list. If a Unicode character cannot be converted to a character
in any of the codesets listed, the character is ignored.
A PCF file can include multiple entries containing tags that begin with
font specification key words (ps resident font, ps soft outline font, or ps
soft bitmap font). In addition to the key words, these tags include the
following parameters:
type
The font type, which can be normal, bold, italic, or bold-italic
codeset
The name of any codeset supported on a Tru64 UNIX system
The Japanese, Korean, Simplified Chinese, and Traditional Chinese
languages are supported by multiple codesets, but only one codeset per
language has associated fonts. Therefore, when including entries to
support characters in one of the following languages, specify only the
codeset listed:
For Japanese, eucJP
For Korean, deckorean
For Simplified Chinese, dechanzi
For Traditional Chinese, eucTW
In the PCF file font definition, the Japanese font, mincho, is assigned
to the fdpc TrueType font that is delivered on the Tru64 UNIX Japanese
Extensions CD-ROM. If the extensions are not installed, the wwpsof
filter falls back to the low-resolution bitmap font.
The Chinese fonts are assigned to the Unicode, double-width, font.
Thus, you can provide a customized PCF file that supports GB18030
characters set printing with TrueType fonts.
The value part of a font-specification entry has the following format:
font-name [fprop] [plane:pmask]... [, ...]
In this format, font-name is the name of the font, such as Courier-
ISOLatin2 (example of an outline font name) or -fdpc-mincho-medium-r-
normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-jisx0212.1990-0 (example of a scalable, TrueType,
bitmap font name).
The fprop value can be Mono (for monospace) or Prop (for proportional).
The plane and pmask values are used only for fonts supporting multiple
codesets. In these cases, the filter finds specific font data by using a
logical OR operation to combine a code point with the plane and pmask
values.
A font-specification entry can contain multiple font listings, separated by
a comma and space. If there are multiple plane:pmask pairs following a
particular font name, they are separated only by spaces. Following are
three examples of font-specification entries from the PCF file that wwpsof
uses by default:
ps soft outline font normal ISO8859-9: Courier-ISOLatin5
ps soft outline font bold eucTW : Hei-Light-CNS11643-1 1:8080, \
Hei-Light-CNS11643-2 2:8080
ps soft bitmap font normal deckorean: \
-dyna-munjo-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-m-0-KSC5601.1987-1 1:8080, \
-adecw-myungcho-medium-r-normal--32-320-75-75-m-320-ksc5601.1987-1 1:8080
The value of the ps resident font tag must be a font that is resident in
the printer. If you are sure that non-Latin-1 fonts are printer resident
and specify them in the PCF, the wwpsof does not embed in the PostScript
file any glyphs for characters supported by those fonts. This reduces the
size of the PostScript print job and, if soft bitmap fonts are the only
alternative, improves the clarity of the printed file. However, for Asian
and many Eastern European languages, printer-resident fonts are usually
available only on printers manufactured to support specific local
languages.
The value of the ps soft outline font tag must be one or more PostScript
outline fonts that are installed on the local system. Outline fonts for
characters included in the Latin-1 character set are installed by default
on a Tru64 UNIX system. Outline fonts for characters not included in the
Latin-1 character set can be installed from optional subsets that are
included in the Tru64 UNIX product kit. For example, PostScript outline
fonts for Chinese characters are included in one of the software subsets
that support Chinese.
The value of the ps soft bitmap font tag must be one or more TrueType or
low-resolution bitmap fonts made available through the X font server. Like
outline fonts, bitmap fonts are installed on the font server from optional
subsets that are included in the Tru64 UNIX product kit. The X font server,
which can be either the local system or a remote system, sends fonts to the
client application, in this case, the wwpsof filter.
Setting up bitmap fonts in the PCF for a printer controlled by the wwpsof
filter allows CDE application users to use that printer to print screen
text that contains local language characters. Furthermore, certain
languages, such as Japanese, are supported on a Tru64 UNIX system only
through printer-resident or bitmap fonts. The wwpsof filter therefore
enables hard copy printing of Japanese text files for users who do not have
a Japanese printer. Because low-resolution bitmap fonts are primarily used
for screen displays, their resolution is not as crisp on the printed page
when compared to printer-resident, TrueType bitmap, or outline fonts.
RESTRICTIONS
Embedding font data in PostScript files may increase the size of the file
beyond what printer memory can support. If this happens, the wwpsof filter
appends an error page to the end of printed output to notify the user that
the file size exceeded printer capacity.
SEE ALSO
Commands: fsinfo(1X), fslsfonts(1X), lpr(1), lpd(8), pcfof(8), xfs(1X)
Files: printcap(4)
Other: i18n_printing(5)
X Window System Environment
|
Index for
Section 8 |
|
|
Alphabetical
listing for W |
|
 |
Top of
page |
|