This appendix describes the
voldiskadm
menu interface
that you can use to perform LSM disk and disk group operations.
The menus
are easy to use and provide information about each step to help you decide
the correct response for each prompt.
D.1 Starting the voldiskadm Menu Interface
To start the
voldiskadm
menu interface, enter:
#voldiskadm
The following output is displayed:
1 Add or initialize one or more disks 2 Encapsulate one or more disks 3 Remove a disk 4 Remove a disk for replacement 5 Replace a failed or removed disk 6 Mirror volumes on a disk 7 Move volumes from a disk 8 Enable access to (import) a disk group 9 Remove access to (deport) a disk group 10 Enable (online) a disk device 11 Disable (offline) a disk device 12 Mark a disk as a spare for a disk group 13 Turn off the spare flag on a disk 14 Recover plexes and volumes after disk replacement list List disk information ? Display help about menu ?? Display help about the menuing system q Exit from menus
This section describes the disk management available with the
voldiskadm
menu interface.
D.2.1 Initializing a Disk
Disk initialization identifies a disk to LSM and prepares the disk for LSM use. This operation involves installing a disk header and writing an empty configuration on the disk. A disk access record is created for the disk, unless such a record already exists.
Note
A disk must contain a disklabel before you can initialize it for LSM use.
To initialize a disk for use with the LSM software, perform the following steps:
At the main menu prompt, select menu item 1 to enable the "Add or initialize one or more disk" operation.
At the prompt on the following "Add or initialize one
or more disk" screen, enter the address of the disk to be added.
If
you do not know the address of the disk you want to add, enter the letter
l
or type the word
list
at the prompt.
LSM displays
a list of the disks that are on the system.
For example:
Select disk devices to add: [<space-separated disk list>,<disk>,list,q,?] list DEVICE DISK GROUP STATUS dsk2 dsk2 rootdg online dsk3 dsk3 rootdg online dsk4 dsk4 rootdg online dsk5 dsk5 rootdg online dsk6 - - online dsk7 - - online dsk8 - - unknown :
Once you have entered the disk name, LSM displays this screen that asks you to supply the name of the disk group you want the disk to be a part of:
Which disk group [<group>,none,list,q,?] (default: rootdg)
You can:
Press the Return key to accept the default disk group name,
rootdg.
Specify the name of a disk group to add the disk to an existing disk group.
Create a new disk group and add the disk to it. To create a new disk group, enter a disk group name that does not yet exist.
Do not specify a disk group and leave the disk available for use by future add or replacement operations. To leave the disk available for future use, enter a disk group name of none. Enter none if:
The disk group you want the disk to be a part of does not exist yet.
You want to keep this disk available as a spare to be used as a replacement disk.
Depending on your response to the "Which disk group..." prompt, LSM displays one of the following screens.
If you entered none, LSM displays the following:
Which disk group [<group>,none,list,q,?] (default: rootdg) none The disk will be initialized and left free for use as a replacement disk. dsk8 Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) The following disk device has a valid disk label, but does not appear to have been initialized for the Logical Storage Manager. If there is data on the disk that should NOT be destroyed you should encapsulate the existing disk partitions as volumes instead of adding the disk as a new disk. dsk8 Initialize this device? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) Initializing device dsk8.
If you selected
rootdg
as the disk group,
LSM displays the following screen:
Which disk group [<group>,none,list,q,?] (default: rootdg) rootdg The default disk name that will be assigned is: disk01 Use this default disk name for the disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) Add disk as a spare disk for rootdg? [y,n,q,?] (default: n) n The selected disks will be added to the disk group rootdg with the default disk names. dsk8 Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) The following disk device has a valid disk label, but does not appear to have been initialized for the Logical Storage Manager. If there is data on the disk that should NOT be destroyed you should encapsulate the existing disk partitions as volumes instead of adding the disk as a new disk. dsk8 Initialize this device? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y Initializing device dsk8. Adding disk device dsk8 to disk group rootdg with disk name disk01.
Press the Return key to continue.
If LSM successfully completes the disk initialization, the following appears:
Add or initialize other disks? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
If the
fstype
in the disk label of the specified
partition or an overlapping partition is set, LSM displays a warning message
to inform you that initializing the disk might destroy existing data.
If you are sure that the disk partition has no valid data and that the
partition can be added to LSM, you can ignore the warning message and answer
y
to the prompt.
The
voldiskadm
utility then
proceeds to initialize the disk partition and add it to LSM.
If the disk cannot be initialized because the specified partition or
an overlapping partition on the disk is open (that is, a partition is actively
in use by UFS, AdvFS, LSM or swap), the initialization process fails and
voldiskadm
issues an error message informing you of the problem.
D.2.2 Displaying Disk Information
The following steps describe how to find information about disks available on the system.
From the main menu, enter the letter
l
or type the word
list
to display a list of disks available
on the system.
LSM displays a list of devices similar to the following screen, and prompts you to enter the address of the disk for which you want to obtain detailed information.
Select an operation to perform: list List disk information Menu: VolumeManager/Disk/ListDisk Use this menu operation to display a list of disks. You can also choose to list detailed information about the disk at a specific disk device address. Enter disk device or "all" [<address>,all,q,?] (default: all) DEVICE DISK GROUP STATUS dsk2 dsk2 rootdg online dsk3 dsk3 rootdg online dsk4 dsk4 rootdg online dsk5 dsk5 rootdg online dsk6 - - online dsk7 - - online dsk8 disk01 rootdg online :
The following screen displays information for the disk called
dsk8:
Device to list in detail [<address>,none,q,?] (default: none) dsk8 Device: dsk8 devicetag: dsk8 type: sliced hostid: rio.dec.com disk: name=disk01 id=922907065.1771.rio.dec.com group: name=rootdg id=921709207.1025.rio.dec.com flags: online ready autoimport imported pubpaths: block=/dev/disk/dsk8g char=/dev/rdisk/dsk8g privpaths: block=/dev/disk/dsk8h char=/dev/rdisk/dsk8h version: 2.1 iosize: min=512 (bytes) max=32768 (blocks) public: slice=6 offset=16 len=4106368 private: slice=7 offset=0 len=4096 update: time=922907069 seqno=0.5 headers: 0 248 configs: count=1 len=2993 logs: count=1 len=453 Defined regions: config priv 17- 247[ 231]: copy=01 offset=000000 enabled config priv 249- 3010[ 2762]: copy=01 offset=000231 enabled log priv 3011- 3463[ 453]: copy=01 offset=000000 enabled List another disk device? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press the Return key to return to the main menu.
D.2.3 Adding a Disk to a Disk Group
You may want to add a new disk to an already established disk group. Perhaps the current disks have insufficient space for the project or work group requirements, especially if these requirements have changed.
Follow these steps to add a disk to a disk group:
Follow the instructions documented in steps 1 and 2 in Section D.2.1.
When the add disk operation adds a disk to a disk group, LSM checks to see if the disk is already initialized. If the disk is initialized, LSM displays the following screen and asks whether or not you want to reinitialize the disk:
Which disk group [<group>,none,list,q,?] (default: rootdg) dg1
The default disk name that will be assigned is:
dg101
Use this default disk name for the disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
Add disk as a spare disk for dg1? [y,n,q,?] (default: n) n
The selected disks will be added to the disk group dg1 with the
default disk names.
dsk8
Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
The following disk device appears to have been initialized already.
The disk is currently available as a replacement disk.
dsk8
Use this device? [y,n,q,?] (default: y)
The following disk you selected for use appears to already have
been initialized for the Logical Storage Manager. If you are
certain the disk has already been initialized for the Logical
Storage Manager, then you do not need to reinitialize the disk
device.
dsk8
Reinitialize this device? [y,n,q,?] (default: y)
Use the information in the following table to determine whether or not you should reinitialize the disk.
| If... | Then... |
| The disk is new | Initialize the disk before placing it under the control of LSM. |
| The disk was previously in use and contains useful data | Do not initialize the disk. Instead, use the LSM encapsulation function to add the disk to the LSM system while still preserving the existing data. |
| The disk was previously in use but it does not contain useful data | Initialize the disk before placing the disk under LSM control. |
D.2.4 Moving Volumes from a Disk
Before you disable or remove a disk, you may want to move the data from that disk to other disks on the system. Use this operation immediately prior to removing a disk, either permanently or for replacement (described in Section D.2.5).
Note
Simply moving volumes off of a disk without also removing the disk, does not prevent volumes from being moved onto the disk by future operations. For example, two consecutive move operations could move volumes from one disk to another and then back. Also note that you need to make sure the other disks in the disk group have sufficient space available.
To move volumes from a disk, do the following:
Select menu item 7 from the main menu.
From the "Move volumes from a disk" screen, enter the name of the disk whose volumes you want to move:
Use this menu operation to move any volumes that are using a
disk onto other disks. Use this menu immediately prior to
removing a disk, either permanently or for replacement. You can
specify a list of disks to move volumes onto, or you can move the
volumes to any available disk space in the same disk group.
NOTE: Simply moving volumes off of a disk, without also removing
the disk, does not prevent volumes from being moved onto
the disk by future operations. For example, using two
consecutive move operations may move volumes from the
second disk to the first.
Enter disk name [<disk>,list,q,?] dsk5
Enter the name of the disk that the volumes should be moved to:
You can now specify a list of disks to move onto. Specify a list
of disk media names (e.g., rootdg01) all on one line separated by
blanks. If you do not enter any disk media names, then the volumes
will be moved to any available space in the disk group.
Enter disks [<disk ...>,list,q,?] dsk4
Requested operation is to move all volumes from disk dsk5 in
group rootdg.
NOTE: This operation can take a long time to complete.
Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
As LSM moves the volumes from the disk, it displays the status of the operation:
Move volume v1 ...
When the volumes have all been moved, LSM displays the following:
Evacuation of disk dsk5 is complete. Move volumes from another disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
D.2.5 Removing a Disk from a Disk Group
This operation involves removing the LSM disk associated with the selected
partitions from LSM control by removing the associated disk access records.
The
voldiskadm
menu interface provides two methods for
removing disks.
These two operations remove a disk as follows:
Menu item 3, Remove a disk -- Removes a disk completely from LSM control and does not retain the disk name.
Menu item 4, Remove a disk for replacement -- Removes a failed disk and retains the disk name so it can be replaced with another disk.
See Section D.2.4, which describes how to move data from a disk to another disk on the system, and see Section D.2.6, which describes how to replace a failed or removed disk.
Note
You must disable the disk group before you can remove the last disk in that group. Disabling a disk group, also referred to as deporting a disk group, is described in Section D.3.2.
D.2.5.1 Removing a Disk Without Replacement
To remove a disk from its disk group, perform the following steps:
Select menu item 3 from the main menu.
LSM displays the following "Remove a disk" screen and prompts you to enter the disk name of the disk to be removed.
Use this operation to remove a disk from a disk group. This operation takes, as input, a disk name. This is the same name that you gave to the disk when you added the disk to the disk group. Enter disk name [<disk>,list,q,?] dsk5
The example removes a disk called dsk5.
LSM displays a verification screen and asks whether or not to continue:
Requested operation is to remove disk dsk5 from group rootdg. Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y)
Press the Return key to continue.
LSM removes the disk from the disk group and then displays the following screen when the operation has completed:
Removal of disk dsk5 is complete. Remove another disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press the Return key to return to the main menu.
D.2.5.2 Removing a Disk for Replacement
You may occasionally need to replace a disk in a disk group. This operation involves initializing the disk for LSM use, and replacing the old disk and associated disk media records with the new disk and its information. Perform the following steps to replace a disk while retaining the disk name:
Select menu item 4 from the main menu. LSM displays the "Remove a disk for replacement" screen.
Enter the name of the disk to be replaced if you know it.
Otherwise, enter the letter
l
for a list of disks.
LSM
displays a screen similar to the following:
Use this menu operation to remove a physical disk from a disk group, while retaining the disk name. This changes the state for the disk name to a "removed" disk. If there are any initialized disks that are not part of a disk group, you will be given the option of using one of these disks as a replacement. Enter disk name [<disk>,list,q,?]
If this operation does not need to disable a volume in order to replace the disk, the following is displayed:
The following volumes will lose mirrors as a result of this operation: v1 No data on these volumes will be lost. If this operation must disable a volume in order to replace the disk, the following will be displayed: The following volumes will be disabled as a result of this operation: v1 These volumes will require restoration from backup. Are you sure you want to do this? [y,n,q,?] (default: n) Warning: Disabling a volume that is currently open and in use will return I/O errors back to the file system or application using that volume. Disabling a volume that contains a mounted file system may crash the system. Refer to section C.2.4 on how to move volumes off a disk before removing the disk.
If there are any initialized disks available that are not part of a disk group, LSM displays the following screen and gives you the option of using one of these disks as a replacement. Select the replacement disk from the list provided. Press the Return key if you want to use the default disk.
The following devices are available as replacements:
dsk5
You can choose one of these disks now, to replace dsk4.
Select "none" if you do not wish to select a replacement disk.
Choose a device, or select "none"
[<device>,none,q,?] (default: dsk5)
LSM then displays the following verification screen:
Requested operation is to remove disk dsk4 from group rootdg. The removed disk will be replaced with disk device dsk5. Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y)
Press the Return key to continue.
When LSM successfully replaces the disk, LSM displays the following screen:
Removal of disk dsk4 completed successfully. Proceeding to replace dsk4 with device dsk5. Disk replacement completed successfully. Remove another disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press the Return key to return to the main menu.
D.2.6 Replacing a Failed or Removed Disk
Use this menu operation to specify a replacement disk for a disk that you removed with the "Remove a disk for replacement" menu operation (see Section D.2.5.2), or for a disk that failed during use. To replace a disk, use the following instructions:
Select menu item 5 from the main menu.
The following screen asks you to enter the name of the disk to be replaced. You can choose an uninitialized diskto be used to replace the failed or removed disk:
replace the failed or removed disk:
Use this menu operation to specify a replacement disk for a disk
that you removed with the "Remove a disk for replacement" menu
operation, or that failed during use. You will be prompted for
a disk name to replace and a disk device to use as a replacement.
You can choose an uninitialized disk, in which case the disk will
be initialized, or you can choose a disk that you have already
initialized using the Add or initialize a disk menu operation.
Select a removed or failed disk [<disk>,list,q,?] list
Disk group: rootdg
DM NAME DEVICE TYPE PRIVLEN PUBLEN STATE
dm dsk5 - - - - NODEVICE
Select a removed or failed disk [<disk>,list,q,?] dsk5
Select disk device to initialize [<address>,list,q,?] list
DEVICE DISK GROUP STATUS
dsk2 dsk2 rootdg online
dsk3 dsk3 rootdg online
dsk4 dsk4 rootdg online
dsk5 - - online
dsk10 - - unknown
Select disk device to initialize [<address>,list,q,?] dsk10
The following disk device has a valid disk label, but does not appear to
have been initialized for the Logical Storage Manager. If there is
data on the disk that should NOT be destroyed you should encapsulate
the existing disk partitions as volumes instead of adding the disk
as a new disk.
dsk10
Initialize this device? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
The requested operation is to initialize disk device dsk10 and
to then use that device to replace the removed or failed disk
dsk5 in disk group rootdg.
Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
LSM displays the following success screen:
Replacement of disk dsk5 in group rootdg with disk device
dsk10 completed successfully.
Replace another disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press Return to return to the main menu.
This operation places the disk access record in an offline state. During searches for disk IDs or members of a disk group, offline disks are ignored. To disable a disk, perform the following steps:
Select menu item 11 from the main menu to disable (off line) a removable disk.
On the next screen, select the disk you want to disable:
Use this menu operation to disable all access to a disk device
by the Logical Storage Manager. This operation can be applied
only to disks that are not currently in a disk group. Use this
operation if you intend to remove a disk from a system without
rebooting.
NOTE: Many systems do not support disks that can be removed from
a system during normal operation. On such systems, the
offline operation is seldom useful.
Select a disk device to disable [<address>,list,q,?] dsk3
This
example shows that disk
dsk3
has been selected.
LSM disables disk
dsk3
and then asks if
you want to disable another device:
Disable another device? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press the Return key to return to the main menu.
This section describes the disk group management that you can perform
with the the
voldiskadm
menu interface.
D.3.1 Importing a Disk Group
Use this menu operation to enable access by this system or cluster to a disk group. This operation can be used to move a disk group from one system to another. If you want to move a disk group from one system to another you must first disable (deport) it on the original system (see Section D.3.2), then move the disk between systems and enable (import) the disk group.
Note
If two hosts share a SCSI bus, make sure that the other host really failed or deported the disk group. If two hosts import a disk group at the same time, the disk group will be corrupted and become unusable.
To import a disk group, do the following:
Select menu item 8 from the main menu. From the "Enable access to (import) a disk group" menu, select the name of the disk group to import:
Use this operation to enable access to a disk group. This can be
used as the final part of moving a disk group from one system to
another. The first part of moving a disk group is to use the
"Remove access to (deport) a disk group" operation on the
original host.
A disk group can be imported from another host that failed without
first deporting the disk group. Be sure that all disks in the disk
group are moved between hosts.
If two hosts share a SCSI bus, be very careful to ensure that the
other host really has failed or has deported the disk group. If
two active hosts import a disk group at the same time, the disk
group will be corrupted and will become unusable.
Select disk group to import [<group>,list,q,?] (default: list) list
GROUP: dg1 (id: 921709259.1071.rio.dec.com)
DEVICES:
dsk7
GROUP: dg1 (id: 922382892.1625.rio.dec.com)
DEVICES:
dsk9
GROUP: dg1 (id: 922908695.1779.rio.dec.com)
DEVICES:
dsk6
dsk8
Select disk group to import [<group>,list,q,?] (default: list) dg1
Once the import is complete, LSM displays the following success screen:
The import of dg1 was successful. Select another disk group? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Press Return to return to the main menu
Use this operation to disable access to a disk group that is currently enabled (imported) by this system. Deport a disk group if you intend to move the disks in a disk group to another system. Also, deport a disk group if you want to use all of the disks remaining in a disk group for some new purpose.
Note
For removable disk devices on some systems, it is important to disable all access to the disk before removing the disk.
To deport a disk group, perform the following steps:
Select menu item 9 from the main menu.
From the following "Remove access to (deport) a disk group" menu, enter the name of the disk group to be deported:
Use this menu operation to remove access to a disk group that is currently enabled (imported) by this system. Deport a disk group if you intend to move the disks in a disk group to another system. Also, deport a disk group if you want to use all of the disks remaining in a disk group for some new purpose. You will be prompted for the name of a disk group. You will also be asked if the disks should be disabled (offlined). For removable disk devices on some systems, it is important to disable all access to the disk before removing the disk. Enter name of disk group [<group>,list,q,?] (default: list) list GROUP DISK/VOLUME DEVICE/STATE LENGTH dg1 disk dg101 dsk8 4106368 dg1 disk dsk6 dsk6 4109440 Enter name of disk group [<group>,list,q,?] (default: list) dg1
Verify that you want LSM to disable the disk group on the displayed confirmation screen:
The requested operation is to disable access to the removable
disk group named dg1. This disk group is stored on the
following disks:
dsk6 on device dsk6
dg101 on device dsk8
You can choose to disable access to (also known as "offline")
these disks. This may be necessary to prevent errors if
you actually remove any of the disks from the system.
Disable (offline) the indicated disks? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y) y
Press Return to deport the disk group.
Output similar to the following is displayed:
Removal of disk group dg1 was successful. Disable another disk group? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
You can only use the vvoldiskadm
menu interface to
mirror a volume.
You cannot use the
voldiskadm
menu interface
to mirror volumes that are already mirrored, or that are comprised of more
than one subdisk.
To mirror volumes on a disk, make sure that the target disk has an equal or greater amount of space as the originating disk and then do the following:
Select menu item 6 from the main menu.
On the "Mirror volumes on a disk" menu, enter the name of the disk whose volumes you want to mirror:
This operation can be used to mirror volumes on a disk. The volumes can be be mirrored onto another disk or onto any available disk space. Volumes will not be mirrored if they are already mirrored or contain more than one subdisk. Mirroring the root and swap volumes from the boot disk will produce a disk that can be used as an alternate boot disk. At the prompt below, supply the disk media name containing the volumes to be mirrored. Enter disk name [<disk>,list,q,?] dsk5
Select the target disk name (this disk must be the same size or larger than the originating disk). Volumes can be mirrored onto another disk or onto any available disk space.
You can choose to mirror volumes from disk dsk5 onto any available disk space, or you can choose to mirror onto a specific disk. To mirror to a specific disk, select the name of that disk. To mirror to any available disk space, select "any". Enter destination disk [<disk>,list,q,?] (default: any) dsk4
LSM displays the verification screen. Press Return to make the mirror.
The requested operation is to mirror all volumes on disk dsk5 in disk group rootdg onto available disk space on disk dsk4. There is space already allocated on disk dsk4. If you don't want to mirror onto this disk, enter "n" at the next prompt and restart this operation from the beginning. NOTE: This operation can take a long time to complete. Continue with operation? [y,n,q,?] (default: y)
LSM displays the status of the operation as it performs the mirroring,
Mirroring of disk dsk5 is complete.
Once LSM has completed the mirroring operation, it asks if you want to mirror volumes on another disk. Press Return to go back to the main menu.
Mirror volumes on another disk? [y,n,q,?] (default: n)
D.5 Exiting the voldiskadm Menu Interface
When you have completed all of your disk administration activities,
exit the
voldiskadm
menu interface by selecting menu option
q
from the main menu.