Frequently asked questions about custom forms and Outlook solutions (287530)

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Resources

There are a variety of resources that are available to help you develop Outlook solutions. For additional information about where to find these resources, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

Outlook Security Features

Microsoft Outlook 2002 includes various features designed to prevent the spread of viruses transmitted via e-mail. When using the Outlook object model and other developer-oriented features, you may encounter unexpected or unwanted behavior, typically one of the following warnings:

-OR- If the user clicks no, the following error will occur:

For more information about these warnings, the new object model security features that are included with Outlook 2002, and information about how to avoid these features when designing a solution, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

Items and Outlook Custom Forms

Q1: I have created a custom Outlook form, but it is not used when I create a new item or when I open an existing item that I had before I created the form. Why is my form not used?

A1: To use a custom Outlook form in a typical folder-based form solution, there are three steps that you need to complete:

1. Publish the form in the folder or forms library where you want to use it. On the Tools menu in the custom form, point to Forms, and then click Publish Form. The name of the form is also the Message Class, which is important for the next two steps. If you are not sure where to publish the form, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

   290802 OL2002: How to Determine Where to Publish a Form

2. Make this new form the default form for that folder. To do this, right-click the folder, and then click Properties. In the When posting to this folder box, click your custom form, and then click OK. New items that you create will then use the custom form instead of the default Outlook form.
3. If you have any existing items in the folder that you want to use this new form, change the Message Class field in each of the items in the folder. The Message Class field of an item tells Outlook which form to use to display the item. You cannot directly change this field in Outlook because it is considered read-only, but you can use programming code and the Outlook object model to change the message class of the field. For additional information about how to change the message class of items in a folder and utilities to help you do this, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

   290659 OL2002: How to Update Existing Items to Use a New Custom Form

Q2: How can I disable the macro warning message when someone opens an item?

A2: If the form is not located in a trusted location, such as the Organizational Forms Library on an Exchange Server-based computer, Outlook displays the macro warning message to protect you from potentially malicious programming code, commonly called macro viruses. You cannot directly prevent the warning message from appearing; you must publish the form to a trusted location. For additional information about this issue and other reasons why you may receive this warning message, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q3: I created a custom form, but when I close and then open the item again, or when I send the form to someone else, all of the information that I entered into my custom controls is gone. Why does this happen?

A3: In Outlook, controls on a form are used to display information, but the information is actually stored in fields. Therefore, for the values of the controls to be preserved, the control must be bound to an Outlook standard or user-defined field. For additional information about this issue, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q4: User-defined fields are not working the way that I expect them to work. Why?

A4: User-defined fields offer flexibility in how data is structured within a folder, but this flexibility can also provide some challenges for solution developers. For additional information about how to use user-defined fields in Outlook, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q5: Why do some items in a folder have different icons? Why do some items in a folder have an abnormally large size? Why does the Message Class of an item change back to the default Message Class? How can I better understand how forms work in Outlook?

A5: Understanding the difference between forms and items and how the two relate to each other is important when you design an Outlook solution. In most scenarios, forms are published to a location and then linked to the items in the folder. However, you can store the forms in individual items, and this can cause the behavior of Outlook to change in many ways. For additional information about form definitions and how they relate to items, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q6: When I import or export contacts from an external database, how can I map some of the fields to the user-defined fields that I have set up in a custom form?

A6: This is a limitation of the Outlook Import and Export Wizard. There is no way to directly import or export data into user-defined fields. If you are familiar with Visual Basic programming, you can create a solution that programmatically imports or exports the information. For additional information about this issue and examples of how to import or export user-defined fields, click the article numbers below to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q7: When I use a control on a custom Outlook form, why do none of the control events appear to work?

A7: When you use a custom Outlook form, Outlook only supports the Click event for controls. Many controls are specifically designed to work with other events, and because these events are not supported by Outlook, the controls may not function in Outlook.

To work around this limitation, you can create a Visual Basic ActiveX component (formally called an OLE server application). You can start the component by using the CreateObject method in VBScript. The component can display a Visual Basic form with the appropriate controls, receive the information that the user selects or types, and then automate Outlook to send any necessary information back to the Outlook form.

This technique involves many aspects of programming. For information about how to create an ActiveX component, see the documentation for Microsoft Visual Basic.

For additional information about control events on Outlook custom forms, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q8: Can I print forms as they appear on the screen?

A8: There is no direct way to print forms as they appear on the screen. Also, the Outlook object model does not provide more printing functionality than that which is provided by Outlook itself. To work around this limitation, you can either use another program to print Outlook information, or you can download a ActiveX control or Outlook extension to create a custom form printing solution. For additional information about how to create custom form printing solutions, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q9: Can I design a form in Outlook 2002 and use it with previous versions of Outlook?

A9: This is generally not a good idea. To help ensure compatibility, design the form by using the earliest version of Outlook that uses the form. For additional information about designing forms to use with more than one version of Outlook, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q10: How can I get option buttons to work on an Outlook form?

A10: You need to follow specific steps in order for option buttons to function in Outlook. For additional information about how option buttons work, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q11: What is the forms cache? Why does Outlook use it? How does it work?

A11: The forms cache is an integral part of how Outlook works with forms. As a forms developer, it is important to have a general understanding about how the forms cache works so that you can troubleshoot potential issues that may occur. For additional information about the forms cache, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q12: How can I manipulate the Message or Notes field on a form?

A12: If your mail format is set to Outlook Rich Text format, Outlook provides limited support for manipulating the body of a message. However, if you use Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) format or Microsoft Word as your e-mail editor, you can create highly formatted e-mail messages. For additional information about working with the body of an item, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q13: There are many steps to open a form from the Organizational Forms Library or Personal Forms Library. How can I add a form to a toolbar button to make this easier?

A13: You need to create custom Visual Basic for Applications code or a COM add-in to do this. For additional information about how to do this, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q14: How can I start another program or display a Web page from an Outlook form?

A14: You can use the CreateObject method in VBScript to automate a program as long as the program support automation. For additional information about this issue, click the article numbers below to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

Visual Basic for Applications, COM Add-ins, and Automation

Q1: What is the difference between VBScript and Visual Basic for Applications, and which one should I use?

A1: Outlook custom forms use Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript) as they did in previous versions of Outlook. However, Outlook also provides support for Visual Basic for Applications at the application level, meaning that you can run macros from the main Outlook toolbars or menus and that code can function outside of the scope of an item. Most of the recent additions to the Outlook object model were added to support this new application-level programming model. For example, there are events that enable custom code to run when certain things happen in Outlook, such as when you receive new mail, or if the user clicks a different item in a folder. Your code can also run much like a batch process, where you click a toolbar button and a macro retrieves data from a folder and then updates information in a public folder.

Q2: Visual Basic for Applications and COM add-ins both give me the ability to create program-level code. Which one should I use?

A2: Visual Basic for Applications in Outlook was designed primarily to create personal solutions. The main advantage to using Visual Basic for Applications is that you can quickly create a solution to fit your needs. COM add-ins are typically the better choice if you want to distribute your solution. However, COM add-ins generally require a greater investment in development time. Also, if you need to develop a COM add-in, it is often easier to develop and debug the solution by using Visual Basic for Applications. Then, when the Visual Basic for Applications code is functioning as you want it to, you can typically move the code into the COM add-in framework with very few changes.

Q3: How can I record macros?

A3: Although Outlook now includes Visual Basic for Applications, the Outlook object model does not provide functionality that supports recording macros. For additional information about not being able to record macros, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q4: How can I get started integrating Outlook into another program?

A4: You can use automation to programmatically control Outlook from another custom program. For additional information about automating Outlook, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q5: Where is my Visual Basic for Applications project stored? How can I distribute a solution that I created to other people?

A5: Outlook Visual Basic for Applications code is stored in a single file called VBAProject.OTM, and Outlook Visual Basic for Applications is not designed to be distributed. For additional information about how to use Visual Basic for Applications projects in Outlook, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q6: How can I get started developing a COM add-in?

A6: For additional information about how to develop COM add-ins, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q7: My COM add-in causes Outlook to stop responding (hang). What could be wrong?

A7: Your COM add-in may be causing a Visual Basic run-time error to occur, and this may be causing a problem with Outlook. Because of this limitation of COM add-ins, use error trapping throughout your COM add-in code to trap any potential run-time errors. For additional information about this issue, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q8: My COM add-in causes Outlook to not quit. What could be wrong?

A8: Your COM add-in is most likely not releasing Explorer or Inspector objects, and this causes Outlook to not quit. For additional information on this issue, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

The Object Model and Other General Questions

Q1: Before I start to develop a solution, how can I find out if someone has already developed something that I am planning?

A1: The Slipstick Systems Web site provides a comprehensive summary of add-ins and utilities. For more information about these add-ins, view the following Slipstick Web site:
The third-party products that are discussed in this article are manufactured by companies that are independent of Microsoft. Microsoft makes no warranty, implied or otherwise, regarding the performance or reliability of these products.


Q2: How can I programmatically refer to a particular Outlook folder or a particular item? How can I create a new folder or item?

A2: Outlook provides many ways to programmatically access and manipulate items and folders. For additional information about how to work with folders and items, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q3: Why can I not figure out how to do something? Is it possible?

A3: Outlook does not support a full object model, such as those in Word or Microsoft Excel, so what you are trying to do may not be possible. Also, there may be other Outlook design considerations or limitations that may prevent you from using the approach that you want to create a solution. For additional information about this, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q4: How can I programmatically search for items and folders based on the contents of a field?

A4: You cannot programmatically use the Find or Advanced Find features in Outlook, but you can use the Find method in the Outlook object model to retrieve a single item based on the contents of one or more fields. You can also use the Restrict method to retrieve a set of items that match certain criteria. For additional information about how to use the Find and Restrict methods, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q5: I am having problems working with a collection of objects, what is the cause of this problem?

A5: There are three common scenarios that Outlook developers have problems with when they work with collections in the Outlook object model. Because collections, especially the Items collection, are in integral part of the Outlook object model, you should be familiar with these issues. For additional information about how to avoid potential problems when you use collections, click the article numbers below to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q6: How can I generate reports based on data that is stored in Outlook?

A6: There are a few approaches that you can take:

• Import the data into another program and use that program's report generating capabilities. Microsoft Access is typically the best program to use because you can use the Link Exchange/Outlook Wizard in Access. However, this wizard does not support user-defined Outlook fields and some of the Outlook standard fields. If you require additional fields that the wizard does not support, you must create custom code to transfer the data from an Outlook folder into an Access table.
• Automate another program from Outlook to generate a report. You can do this by using VBScript in an Outlook form, Visual Basic for Applications, or a COM add-in.
• Use a third-party tool to generate reports. One available utility is Crystal Decisions Crystal Reports. For more information about this utility, view the following Crystal Decisions Web site:http://www.crystaldecisions.net/products/crystalreports/default.asp

Q7: What is the best way to create a routing or workflow solution in Outlook?

A7: Creating a custom Outlook form solution is typically not the best approach to implement a routing or workflow solution. If you are not familiar with designing custom Outlook forms, implementing this type of solution is often more complex than it appears. For additional information about what to consider if you want to implement a routing solution, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: Q8: How can I integrate address books with my solution?

A8: The Outlook object model does not provide a way to display an address book dialog box, but you can access most address book information. If you require more functionality that the Outlook object model provides, the Collaboration Data Objects (CDO) object model most likely provides the functionality that you require. For additional information about how to work with address books in a custom solution, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: