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fwtmp(8)
NAME
fwtmp, acctwtmp, wtmpfix - Modify connect time accounting records to change
formats and to make corrections in the records
SYNOPSIS
fwtmp [-ic]
acctwtmp 'Reason'
wtmpfix [File...]
OPTIONS
-i The fwtmp command accepts ASCII records in the type utmp structure
format as input.
-c The fwtmp command converts output to type utmp structure formatted
binary records.
-ic The fwtmp command converts ASCII type utmp structure formatted input
records to binary output records.
DESCRIPTION
fwtmp [-ic]
The fwtmp command reads records from standard input and writes records to
standard output. Normally, information in record fields of the
/var/adm/wtmp file is entered as binary data by the init and login programs
during the life of the /var/adm/wtmp file. These /var/adm/wtmp file records
have nine fields formatted according to members of a type utmp structure
defined in the utmp.h include file. The fwtmp command is also capable of
writing properly formatted ASCII records from standard input into a file
when you use the -i option.
Whenever you enter properly formatted ASCII records for conversion to
binary records using the -i option from the standard input device, you must
enter data for each field of the 9-field record in the same order as that
of type utmp structure members using a space as a field separator. The
following table lists record fields in the order they should be entered,
the type utmp structure member name, and the purpose and entry character
length.
1 ut_user
The user login name, which must have exactly sizeof(ut_user)
characters.
2 ut_id
The inittab ID, which must have exactly sizeof(ut_id) characters.
3 ut_line
The device name, which must have exactly sizeof(ut_line) characters.
4 ut_pid
The process ID, which must have 5 decimal places.
5 ut_type
The type of entry, which must have 2 decimal places. The type of entry
may have any one of several symbolic constant values. The symbolic
constants are defined in the utmp.h header file.
6 ut_exit.e_termination
The process termination status, which must have 4 decimal places.
7 ut_exit.e_exit
The process exit status, which must have 4 decimal places.
8 ut_time
The starting time, which must have 10 decimal places.
9 ut_host
The hostname, which must have exactly sizeof(ut_host) characters.
All record field entries you make from standard input must be separated by
a space. Also, you must fill all string fields with blank characters up to
the maximum string size. All decimal values must have the specified number
of decimal places with preceding 0s (zeros) to fill empty digit positions.
The actual size of character arrays can be found in the utmp.h include
file.
acctwtmp 'Reason'
The acctwtmp command is called by the runacct shell procedure to write a
utmp formatted record to standard output with the current date and time
together with a 'Reason' string (sizeof(ut_line) characters or less) that
you must also enter.
wtmpfix [File...]
The wtmpfix command is called by the runacct shell procedure to examine
standard input or File records in the wtmp format for corrupted date and
timestamp entries. Whenever a corrupted entry is detected, the wtmpfix
command corrects date and timestamp inconsistencies and writes corrected
records to standard output. Whenever the acctcon1 command runs, and a date
and timestamp in a /var/adm/wtmp file is incorrect, an error is generated
when the first corrupted entry is encountered. The acctcon1 process is
aborted whenever such an error is detected.
The wtmpfix command also checks the validity of the name field to ensure
that the name consists only of alphanumeric characters, a $ (dollar sign),
or spaces. Whenever an invalid name is detected, the wtmpfix command
changes the login name to INVALID and writes a diagnostic message to
standard error. In this way, the wtmpfix command reduces the likelihood
that the acctcon2 command may fail.
Each time a date is entered (on system startup or with the date command) a
pair of date-change records is written to the var/adm/wtmp file. The first
date-change record is the old date, which is entered with the string old
time (the OTIME_MSG string) in the ut_line field and the option OLD_TIME in
the ut_type field. The second record is the new date, which is entered
with the string new time (the NTIME_MSG string) in the ut_line field and
the option NEW_TIME in the ut_type field. The wtmpfix command uses these
records to synchronize all date and time stamps in the /var/adm/wtmp file.
The date-change record pair is then removed.
RESTRICTIONS
You should not use the fwtmp command to correct connect-time accounting
records because the utmp structure format members are not in the correct
order for this operation.
EXAMPLES
1. To convert binary /var/adm/wtmp records in type utmp structure format
to an ASCII file called dummy.file, enter a command similar to the
following:
/usr/sbin/acct/fwtmp < /var/adm/wtmp > dummy.file
The content of binary file /var/adm/wtmpfile as input is redirected to
dummy.file as ASCII output.
2. To convert records in an ASCII type utmp structure formatted file to a
binary output file called /var/adm/wtmp, enter an fwtmp command with
the -ic option similar to the following:
/usr/sbin/acct/fwtmp -ic < dummy.file > /var/adm/wtmp
The content of ASCII file dummy.file as input is redirected to binary
file /var/adm/wtmp as output.
FILES
/usr/sbin/acct/fwtmp
Specifies the command path.
/usr/sbin/acct/wtmpfix
Specifies the command path.
/usr/sbin/acct/acctwtmp
Specifies the command path.
/usr/include/utmp.h
Header file defining structures used to organize login information.
/var/adm/utmp
Database file for currently logged in users.
/var/adm/wtmp
Login/logout database file.
SEE ALSO
Commands: acct(8), acctcon(8), acctmerg(8), date(1), runacct(8)
Functions: acct(2)
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Index for
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Alphabetical
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