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phrase(1)
NAME
phrase - Manages databases used with the phrase input method
SYNOPSIS
phrase [-user class | -system class]
OPTIONS
The phrase command is used with the following options only to download
phrase data to the VT382-D Traditional Chinese terminal. For this
terminal, phrase input is supported directly by hardware. See DESCRIPTION
for more information.
-system class
Download the phrase information for the specified class from the system
phrase database to a Chinese terminal.
-user class
Download the phrase information of the given class from the user phrase
database to a Chinese terminal.
DESCRIPTION
The phrase input method is supported in the Korean, Traditional Chinese,
and Simplified Chinese environments. Phrase input is a shorthand input
method that automatically converts a keyword into a phrase. An English text
example would be to map the keyword dci to the phrase Dascomb Computers,
Incorporated. In this case, when a user enters dci in phrase input mode,
Dascomb Computers, Incorporated immediately appears on the screen.
Phrase input is supported by either hardware (specific Asian terminals) or
software. For the VT382-D Traditional Chinese terminal, phrase data must be
explicitly downloaded to the terminal. When entered with either the -user
or -system option, the phrase command performs the download operation for
this terminal.
Note
For other Asian terminals in the VT382 family, phrase input is
supported through the SIM service. For these terminals, the stty
command both enables the SIM service and also specifies the set of
phrase information to be used with the phrase input method. See
stty(1) for more information.
For the DECwindows Motif or CDE environments, phrase input is
supported through the input method server. In these graphical user
interface environments, the phrase input method is enabled through the
input method application. Using the SIM service with terminal
emulators in these environments is not recommended because the SIM
service uses the 26th line of a terminal screen. Terminal emulator
windows do not contain a 26th line.
Without options, the phrase command invokes the utility that manages and
maintains the database that is used with the phrase input method. By using
this utility, you can add and modify phrase keywords and the corresponding
phrase strings in the database. You create keyword/phrase mappings within
the context of phrase classes, which you can also create through the
utility.
Phrase Database Contents and Locations
This section describes the entities that the phrase utility creates and
manages and the locations of phrase databases on the system.
A phrase, or phrase definition, is a combination of graphic characters in
the range of hexadecimal values 0x20-0x7e and 0xa1-0xfe. The length of a
phrase definition can range from 1 to 80 bytes.
Each phrase is associated with a keyword, or phrase name, which is a string
of English alphanumeric characters. The length of a phrase name is limited
to 8 or fewer bytes.
A class is a group of related phrases. Each class is identified by a class
name. This name must be unique, must contain only ASCII printable
characters, and is limited to a length of 8 or fewer bytes.
Regardless of whether phrase input is being supported by hardware or
software, recognition of phrase names and conversion of phrase names to
phrases is done only within the context of a particular phrase class.
Therefore, phrases are always added, deleted, or modified in a class-
specific operation.
There are two kinds of phrase databases: systemwide and user specific.
There is only one systemwide phrase database and this is created and
maintained by the system manager when logged in as root. Non-privileged
users have only read access to the systemwide phrase database. On the other
hand, each user can create and maintain a personal phrase database. A user
can access another user's personal phrase database only by using a copy
operation (assuming file protections allow this). In other words, a user
cannot directly use the phrase input method with the private phrase
database of another user.
A system or user phrase database is actually a set of locale-specific
databases. Phrase data files for different locales reside in different
subdirectories of the same base directory. (The base directory depends on
whether the phrase database is systemwide or user specific.) In each locale
subdirectory, two files, phrase.dat and class.dat, contain the phrase
database information for that locale.
The base directory locations of the system and user phrase databases are
determined by the sim service entry in the /var/i18n/conf/cp_dirs file.
This is true even when the phrase input method is not being supported by
the SIM service. See cp_dirs(4) for more details about this file.
Menu User Interface
When the phrase utility is invoked without any options, it enters into a
menu-driven mode. In this mode, you select the appropriate menu option to
make the utility perform a particular function.
The main menus appear on a horizontal bar at the top of the screen.
Selecting some items on a menu may display a submenu from which you then
select a function. In the upper right corner of the screen is the name of
the current database, which can be USER or SYSTEM, and the name of the
current phrase class.
When a menu option is highlighted, it can be selected by pressing the
Return key or the space bar. If the highlighted option is not the one you
want, you can highlight another option (if any) by pressing the arrow key
or a hot key. The hot key is shown within parenthesis () or as an
underlined letter. You can return from the current set of menu options to
the previous menu or exit the utility altogether by pressing Ctrl/X.
The following list summarizes the options on each main menu. Options
followed by an asterisk (*) produce submenus in which you choose either the
system or user database.
FILE
· Copy from Database (*)
· Load to Terminal (*)
· Exit
CLASS
· Create a class (*)
· View phrase in a class (*)
· Rename a class (*)
· Delete a class (*)
· Select current class (*)
PHRASE
· Create phrase
· Modify phrase
· Delete phrase
LANGUAGE
· Local language
· English
Functional Behaviour
When invoked without options, the phrase command runs the phrase utility
rather than attempting to download data to a VT382-D terminal. The phrase
utility automatically accesses the appropriate default database (systemwide
for the root account and user for non-privileged users). If this database
does not exist, the utility will create the database from data entered
during the utility session.
Before invoking the utility, make sure that your locale setting is the
correct one for the phrases that you plan to enter. Refer to Chinese(5) and
Korean(5) for names of appropriate locales. Refer to locale(1) for
information about setting locale.
When using the phrase utility, you must first set the class name. By
default, the class name is set to DEFAULT. However, you can choose a
different class name by selecting the "Select current class" item of the
Class Maintenance menu.
The phrase utility supports a number of housekeeping functions. For the
following descriptions, remember that database ownership is determined by
user identity; only the root account owns the system database.
Creating a phrase
You can create a phrase database entry by specifying a phrase name and
a corresponding phrase definition. The phrase entry is created in the
database that you own and in the database subdirectory determined by
the current locale setting. The phrase belongs to the class that is
currently set.
Duplicate phrase names are not allowed within a given class, but
phrases in different classes can have the same phrase name.
Modifying a phrase
In the database that you own, you can modify phrase definitions but not
phrase names. (You can delete a phrase and recreate it to associate a
new name with a particular phrase.)
Deleting a phrase
You can delete phrases in the current class from the database that you
own.
Creating a class
You can create classes in the database that you own by selecting the
"Create a class" item on the CLASS menu and selecting either the user
or the system database to work with. Then you can enter a new class
name and start to specify the names and definitions of the phrases to
belong to this class.
Deleting a class
You can delete classes from the database that you own.
Copying phrases from another user's database
You can copy phrases from another user's database or the system
database to your own user database. To copy phrases, select the "Copy
from Database" item on the FILE menu. If you choose to copy from
another user's database, you must enter the absolute path to the base
directory of that user's database. If the specified path includes a
valid database to which you have read access, a class selection menu is
displayed from which you can choose the classes you want to copy. If
the names of the classes to be copied are in conflict with existing
classes in your own database, you are offered the option to rename the
current conflicting classes. If conflicting classes are not renamed,
the phrases that they contain are not copied.
RESTRICTIONS
The following information applies to Chinese terminals that use the SIM
service for phrase input support.
For most users, when the phrase utility is used to update the phrase
database, the appropriate simd daemon is notified of the database update.
However, this notification mechanism does not work in a distributed
environment. In other words, when the updated phrase database on a remote
system is mounted on the local system through NFS, the daemon on the local
system is not notified of the update.
To work around this problem, the local user can enter the following command
to stop and restart the simd daemon so that it can access the changed
remote database:
% stty -sim
% stty sim
In order for these commands to work, no other users on the local system can
be using the SIM service to access the remote phrase database when the
commands are entered.
SEE ALSO
Commands: locale(1), stty(1), simd(8)
Files: atty(7), cp_dirs(4)
Others: Chinese(5), Korean(5), sim(5)
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Index for
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Alphabetical
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Top of
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