FIX: Derived Structure Can Access Private Members of Base Class (201092)

The information in this article applies to:

Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Enterprise Edition 4.2b
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Enterprise Edition 5.0
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Enterprise Edition 6.0
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Professional Edition 4.2b
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Professional Edition 5.0
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Professional Edition 6.0
Microsoft Visual C++, 32-bit Learning Edition 6.0

This article was previously published under Q201092

SYMPTOMS

No compiler error or warning is generated when a struct derives publicly from a class and accesses a private nested structure belonging to the base class.

CAUSE

This problem is due to a bug in the compiler.

RESOLUTION

When accessing the nested structures of the base class in the derived class, use the full qualified name to get the compiler to generate an error if the access to the nested members of the base class is illegal.

For example, the following code uses the full qualified name:

class Base
{
    struct Nested
    {
        int i;
    };
};

struct Derived : public Base
{
    Base::Nested m_Nested;
};

void main(void)
{
    Derived test;
    test.m_Nested.i = 100; //Generates compile-time error.
}

The error message displayed is:

mycode.cpp(323) : error C2248: 'Nested' : cannot access private struct declared in class 'Base' mycode.cpp(316) : see declaration of 'Nested'

STATUS

Microsoft has confirmed this to be a bug in the Microsoft products listed at the beginning of this article.

This problem was corrected in Microsoft Visual C++ .NET.

MORE INFORMATION

Steps to Reproduce Behavior

Create a new console application.
Add a new C++ source file into the project.
Add the code below:

class Base
{
    struct Nested
    {
        int i;
    };
};

struct Derived : public Base
{
    Nested m_Nested;
};

void main(void)
{
    Derived test;
    test.m_Nested.i = 100; //No compile-time error is generated.
}

Modification Type:	Major	Last Reviewed:	12/11/2003
Keywords:	kbBug kbCompiler kberrmsg kbfix kbNoUpdate KB201092